Ethereum could achieve 100,000 transactions per second (tps) according to the roadmap outlined by Vitalik Buterin in “The Surge,” the next chapter of the Dencun upgrade.
This goal will be achieved through a roadmap focused on rollups, combining Layer 2 scaling solutions, advanced data availability sampling, and data compression techniques. Buterin emphasized that Ethereum Layer 1 (L1) will focus on being a strong and decentralized base layer, while Layer 2 (L2) will support scaling the ecosystem.
Vitalik Buterin compared Ethereum to a court system, explaining that L1 doesn’t need to be fast but should protect contracts and ownership, while L2 builds on that foundation. He warned that increasing the gas limit could lead to more centralization due to expensive hardware requirements.
Instead, Buterin proposed optimizing gas fees and introducing an efficient bytecode format (EOF). He stressed that Ethereum should be a unified ecosystem rather than separate blockchains, suggesting standardized chain identifiers to improve interactions between L2s.
